“Did They Actually, Really Believe This?” Authentic Medical Documents as a Window on the Past Julie Riley Taking Student Government Seriously J.R. Bolen Acting Out History: From the Ice Age to the Modern Age Denee J. Mattioli and Frederick Drake Modern Times: The Industrial Revolution and the Concept of Time Frans H. Doppen

Shipwreck: Using Literature and Student Imagination toTeach Geography Donna Kay Mau What Is a Hero? Students Explore Their Conceptions of the Heroic Joseph O’Brien and Steven H.White My Brother and I: Brickyard Laborers in an Ohio Town Martha I. Pallante and Christian Shively Fostering a Critical and Caring Classroom Culture Pamela B. Joseph and Mark A. Windschitl

Serious Fun in Social Studies for Middle Schoolers Guest Editors: Dan Rea and Robert L. Stevens “The War that Never Ended:” Special Education Students Write History Diane Zigo Freedom Train: Building an Underground Railroad Wayne Hickman Using Computers to Design Historical Communities April Mock A Walk Through Time: A Living History Project Alice Aud, Gini Bland, Barbara Brown, and Bruce Law

Let Me Explain: Students as Colonial History Docents Linda L. Gesek Take a Break: A Token Economy in the Fifth Grade John M. Hail The Real World: Community Speakers in the Classroom Lindy G. Poling Whales in Depth: An Interdisciplinary Study Cynthia Szymanski Sunal, Gail Pritchard, and Dennis W. Sunal